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Council Meeting/Documents/References for Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations Report
Appendix

References for Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations Report

September 15, 2015Pages 55–582 sections

A bibliography of technical reports, strategy documents, and academic research supporting the arguments made in the wastewater audit request.

2 APPROVAL OF AGENDA
Includes 38 citations including CCME, CRD, and World Health Organization reports

References

Potential environmental effects from the Macaulay and Clover Point Outfalls and review of the Wastewater and Marine Environment Program, a report prepared for the Capital Regional District, Victoria, BC, Canada.

  1. Capital Regional District, Victoria, BC. Macaulay and Clover Point Wastewater and Marine Environment Program, 2005 Annual Report. Metal concentrations in Victoria's effluent are discussed on pp. 3, 86, 128, 261, and 293. (https://web.archive.org/web/20120512042334/http://crd.bc.ca/wastewater/marine/documents/2005macclownmepannual.pdf). See: United States. Environmental Protection Agency. “Water on Tap: What You Need to Know,” 2009, for a discussion of maximum values allowed in the EPA drinking water standards. (http://www.epa.gov/safewater/wot/pdfs/book_waterontap_full.pdf).

  2. CCME. Canada-Wide Strategy for the Management of Municipal Wastewater Effluent; 2014 Progress Report. Timelines and prioritization both described on p. 2 under “Canada.” (http://www.ccme.ca/files/Resources/municipal_wastewater_effluent/PN_1522_MWWE_Five_Year_Rvw_2014.pdf)

  3. CCME. Technical Supplement 2, p.61, top sentence. (http://www.ccme.ca/files/Resources/municipal_wastewater_effluent/mwwe_techsuppl2_ermm_guidance_e.pdf).

  4. Ibid., Table 2, p. 35; and Table on p. 60.

  5. Canada. Fisheries Act. Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations, 50(4), Schedule 2, Item 1(e), columns 2 and 3. (http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2012-139/FullText.html).

  6. CCME. Technical Supplement 2, S. 9.1.1, “Facility Size,” p.60. (http://www.ccme.ca/files/Resources/municipal_wastewater_effluent/mwwe_techsuppl2_ermm_guidance_e.pdf).

  7. Ibid. See under “Pollution Prevention Programs,” p. 49.

  8. Capital Regional District, Victoria, BC. Regional Source Control Program, 2013 Annual Report. (https://www.crd.bc.ca/docs/default-source/source-control-pdf/2013-rscpannual.pdf?sfvrsn=2).

  9. MetroVancouver, Annacis Island (Delta). (www.metrovancouver.org/services/liquid-waste/treatment/treatment-plants/annacis-island/Pages/default.aspx).

  10. Rebecca Warburton. Optics Trumps Evidence: The Seaterra Project in Victoria, May, 2014, 7th para., under heading “Federal Regulations.” (https://www.publicsectordigest.com/articles/view/1291).

  11. CCME. Technical Supplement 1, penultimate sentence under “Receiving Environment,” p. 22.

  12. Marbek Resource Consultants, Cost Benefit Analysis for Cleaner Source Water, CCME, 2007, 2nd and 4th bullets, p. 49. (http://www.ccme.ca/files/Resources/municipal_wastewater_effluent/cba_source_water_1396.pdf).

  13. R. G. Ludwig, Environmental Impact Assessment Siting and design of submarine outfalls, World Health Organization and King's College London, 1988, p. 1 (http://www.bvsde.ops-oms.org/bvsaca/i/fulltext/marc43/marc43.pdf).

  14. U.K. Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, Tenth Report, 1984: “With well designed sewage outfalls we believe that discharge to the sea is not only acceptable but in many cases environmentally preferable,” cited on p. 405 of Environmental Protection of the North Sea, ed. P.J. Newman, 1988, at http://www.amazon.ca/Environmental-Protection-North-Sea-Newman/dp/0434913707.

  15. National Research Council. Managing Wastewater in Coastal Urban Areas, National Academy Press, 1993 (http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=2049&page=R1).

  16. Water Research Laboratory publication, by Cooper and Jack, 1987. Cited in J. E. Dew-Jones, “Victoria's Sewage Circus,’ 1991 (http://www.members.shaw.ca/sewagecircus/chap02.html).

  17. Peter M. Chapman, et al. “Sewage treatment wasted – The Victoria (BC, Canada) example,” Marine Pollution Bulletin 56, 2008, p.2, penultimate para. (http://www.excellentfuture.ca/sites/default/files/Marine%20Pollution%20Bulletin%20Sewage%20Treatment%20Wasted.pdf).

  18. Marbek Resource Consultants, Cost Benefit Analysis for Cleaner Source Water, CCME, 2007. Paras 2 and 3, p. 1; p. 4; centre of first para., p.20. (http://www.ccme.ca/files/Resources/municipal_wastewater_effluent/cba_source_water_1396.pdf).

  19. Ibid., bullets 1 and 2, p. 3.

  20. A. Carducci et al, Assessing Biological Hazard from Urban Wastewater Treatment, University of Pisa, 1999. (http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Michele_Muscillo/publication/223291478_Assessing_airborne_biological_hazard_from_urban_wastewater_treatment/links/0f31752d97e6ed9381000000.pdf).

  21. J. Thorn et al, Work related symptoms among sewage workers: a nationwide survey in Sweden, Goteborg University, 2002. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12151615).

  22. N. Brown, Health Hazard Manual: Wastewater Treatment Plant and Sewer Workers, Cornell University, 1997. (http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=manuals).

  23. Rebecca Warburton. Optics Trumps Evidence: The Seaterra Project in Victoria, May, 2014. “Table 2: Comparison of Treatment Costs and Benefits.” (https://www.publicsectordigest.com/articles/view/1291).

  24. Rob Shaw, “CRD backtracks on building sewage sludge plant in Esquimalt,” June 28, 2013. (http://www.timescolonist.com/news/local/crd-backtracks-on-building-sewage-sludge-plant-in-esquimalt-1.337590).

  25. United States. National Environmental Policy Act, s. 1502.14 (d), “the no-action alternative.” (https://ceq.doe.gov/nepa/regs/ceq/1502.htm#1502.14).

  26. R. Jain, Lloyd Urban, Harold Balbach, M. Diana Webb, Handbook of Environmental Engineering Assessment; Strategy, Planning, and Management, Butterworth Heinemann, 2012, p. 163, end of 1st para.

  27. CCME. Technical Supplement 2, top of p. 7.

  28. Dianne Saxe, Federal Government stands down wastewater pollution regulations, March 25, 2015. (http://envirolaw.com/federal-govt-stands-wastewater-regulations-quebec).

  29. Canada. Canada Fisheries Act, S. 4.2(1). (http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/f-14/page-3.html#docCont).

  30. Capital Regional District, Core Area Liquid Waste Management Committee. Notice of Meeting and Meeting Agenda, June 10, 2015. Item 5.2: Attachments, Staff Report and Appendix A: Update Federal-Provincial Equivalency Agreement. (https://www.crd.bc.ca/docs/default-source/crd-document-library/committeedocuments/corearealiquidwastemanagementcommittee/20150610/2015-06-10agendapkgcalwmc.pdf?sfvrsn=6).

  31. Canada. Fisheries Act. Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations, Schedule 6, under heading “Objectives.” (http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2012-139/FullText.html).

  32. Peter M. Chapman, “Science, politics and ideology—The Victoria (BC, Canada) sewage issue,” Marine Pollution Bulletin 52, 2006, p. 3, 1st para., (http://www.sciencedirect.com). (or 10th para. at this link: http://www.rstv.ca/marine-pollution-bulletin-edit/).

  33. Golder Associates, Potential Environmental Effects of the Macaulay and Clover Point Outfalls and Review of the Wastewater and Marine Environment Program, 2005, Appendix A, Executive Summary, p. 5, last para. (https://www.crd.bc.ca/docs/default-source/crd-document-library/committeedocuments/corearealiquidwastemanagementcommittee/20061122/2006-nov-22-item-09-esp-06-97-macaulay-and-clover-point-wastewater-and-marine-environment-program---2005-annual-reportR.pdf?sfvrsn=0).

    1. Justin Gillis, “U.S. Climate Has Already Changed, Study Finds, Citing Heat and Floods,” New York Times, May 6, 2014. (http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/07/science/earth/climate-change-report.html?_r=0). 2. “More wild weather, extreme winters, record-breaking heat and more allergies: Bleak White House report on climate change says it is harming every sector of the US economy,” Daily Mail, May 6, 2014. (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2621215/Fed-report-Warming-disrupting-Americans-lives.html). 3. Dennis Dimick, “Earth's Dashboard is Flashing Red – Are Enough People Listening?” National Geographic, February 2, 2015 (http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2015/02/150202-climate-science-public-opinion-evidence-global-warming/).
Page 55–58
  1. Canada. Federal Sustainable Development Act, Section 5. (http://laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-8.6/page-1.html#docCont).
Page 55–58

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Extracted from: 2015 09 15 Council Agenda